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A letter for Gaelic learners with Roddy MacLean.

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Litir 32: Ciotach

Bidh cuimhn’ agaibh bhon t-seachdain ’s a chaidh gu bheil am facal deiseil co-cheangailte ris a’ làimh dheis agus ri rudan matha. Ach, air an làimh eile, ma dh’fhaodas mi sin a ràdh, chan eil rudan matha co-cheangailte ris an làimh chlì. Agus tuigidh mi carson a tha daoine leis a’ cheàrrag neo a tha ciotach, mar a chanas iad ann an ceann a deas na Gàidhealtachd, a’ gabhail dragh mu dheidhinn sin.

Chan eil càil ceàrr orra ach gu bheil an làmh cheàrr aca nas sgileile nan làmh dheas. Agus seallaibh mar a tha am facal ceàrr a’ ciallachadh left agus wrong. Ach tha an aon rud fìor ann an cànanan eile. ’S e “ciotach” a bha am facal sinister a’ ciallachadh o thùs ann an Laideann.

Bidh cuimhn’ agaibh cuideachd gu robh an làmh dheas co-cheangailte ri slighe na grèine tron adhar – slighe ris an can sinn deiseil. Agus bha mòran chleachdaidhean o shean aig ar sinnsirean anns am biodh iad a’ gluasad gu deiseil a dh’aona-ghnothach airson’s gum biodh deagh fhortan aca.

Nuair a gheibheadh daoine bochda airgead bho chuideigin, rachadh iad trì tursan deiseil timcheall an duine mar bheannachd air. Nuair a rachadh iasgairean gu muir, bhiodh iad ag iomradh a’ bhàta gu deiseil an toiseach. Agus mura deanadh iad sin, bhiodh iad dhen bheachd gum biodh droch fhortan aca air an latha sin. Chanadh feadhainn an-diugh gur ann saobh-chràbhach a bha na seann daoine is gu robh na cleachdaidhean sin a’ buntainn ri linn nuair a bha na Gàidheil nam pàganach. Ach chan eil teagamh nach robh iad a’ creidsinn ann an rudan mar sin gu làidir.

Anns an linn sin, bhathar a’ creidsinn gu robh ifrinn anns a’ cheann a tuath agus, mar sin, gu robh ifrinn fuar reòite. Tha sin gu math eadar-dhealaichte bhon ifrinn theth anns a bheilear a’ creidsinn an-diugh.

Agus bha daoine a’ creidsinn gun d’rachadh iad (neo gun d’rachadh an nàbaidhean co-dhiù!) sìos a dh’Ifrinn agus, leis a sin, bha iad a’ coimhead air an àird a tuath mar àite ìosal. Agus chanadh iad “tha mi a’ dol sìos gu tuath” neo “tha mi a’ dol suas gu deas” agus chan e “suas gu tuath” agus “sìos gu deas” mar a chanar, anns an fharsaingeachd, ann am Beurla. Agus cluinnidh tu fhathast daoine ann an taobh siar Leòdhais ag ràdh ann an Gàidhlig gu bheil iad a’ dol “sìos a Nis”, sgìre ann am fìor cheann a tuath an eilein.

Ach ’s dòcha gu robh an aon rud fìor uaireigin ann am Beurla, agus gur e luchd nam mapaichean a th’air dealbh dhen t-saoghal a thoirt dhuinn anns a bheil an àird a tuath aig a’ cheann shuas agus an àird a deas aig a’ bhonn. Bidh daoine ann an Essex is Hertfordshire, mar eisimpleir, ag ràdh gu bheil iad a’ dol up to London, ged a tha iad a’ fuireach gu tuath air Lunnainn. Tha mi a’ deanamh dheth gur e seann chleachdadh a tha sin, agus gu bheil e a’ dol à bith ann an Sasainn, dìreach mar a tha e ann an Gàidhealtachd na h-Alba.

Ach bu toil leam tilleadh don fhacal ciotach agus fàgaibh mi sibh an t-seachdain-sa le ceist. Bha laoch Gaidhealach ann anns an t-seachdamh linn deug a bha gu math ainmeil. Agus bha e ciotach. Agus tha frith-ainm air ann am Beurla, a bharrachd air Gàidhlig, a tha a’ comharrachadh sin. Agus bha an gille aige na b’ainmeile fiù’s na esan airson gaisge. Cò iad? Innsibh mi sin dhuibh anns an ath litir, a’ chiad tè anns a’ bhliadhn’ ùir. Roimhe sin – ge-tà – Nollaig Chrìdheil agus Bliadhna Mhath Ùr dhuibh uile.

Faclan na seachdaine

co-cheangailte ri: connected to; clì: left; ciotach: left-handed;cleachdaidhean: practices; ag iomradh: rowing; saobh-chràbhach: superstitious; ifrinn: hell;fuar reòite: cold and frozen; taobh siar Leòdhais: the west side of Lewis; laoch: hero,champion;frith-ainm: nickname; gaisge: heroism.

Abairtean na seachdaine

ma dh'fhaodas mi sin a ràdh: if I may (be permitted) to say that;leis a' cheàrrag: left-handed (the more common term in the northern Gàidhealtachd; insouthern parts, notably the islands of Argyll, ciotach is more common); chan eil càil ceàrrorra: there is nothing wrong with them (on them); airsons gum biodh deagh fhortan aca: sothat they would have good luck; a buntainn ri linn nuair a bha na Gàidheil nam pàganach:belonging to a time when the Gaels were pagans; chan eil teagamh nach robh iad a creidsinnann an X gu làidir: there is no doubt that they strongly believed in X; bhon ifrinn theth annsa bheilear a creidsinn an-diugh: from the hot hell which is believed in today; luchd nammapaichean: the mapmakers; gu tuath air Lunnainn: north of London; gu bheil e a dol àbith: it is disappearing (going out of existence); an gille aige: his son; a chiad tè anns abhliadhn ùir: the first one (litir is fem.) in the new year; roimhe sin: before that; NollaigChrìdheil agus Bliadhna Mhath Ùr dhuibh uile: a Merry Christmas and Happy New Year toyou all.

Puing ghrĂ mair na seachdaine

rachadh iad trì tursan timcheall an duine mar bheannachdair: they would go three times sunwise around the man as a blessing for (on) him. Do youremember rachamaid (lets go) in Litir 27 (Nov 19)? Rachadh is built on the same root rach (go) and is in the subjunctive mood as is suggested by the -adh ending. Rachadh iadmeans they would go. Rachamaid, as you have probably worked out, is also the firstperson plural in the subjunctive mood, meaning we would go (but the context will tell youwhich is meant). Rachamaid don Fhraing nan robh airgead gu leòr againn (we would go toFrance if we had enough money). The first person singular is rachainn (I would go). Rachainndhachaigh nan robh càr agam (I would go home if I had a car). You may be thinking how onearth do we get a dol (going), chaidh (went) and thèid (will go) from a root like rach? Theanswer is that it is one of Gaelic's ten irregular verbs (which are better viewed as a challengethan a threat!)

GnĂ ths-cainnt na seachdaine

a dh'aona-ghnothach: deliberately. This phrase allows youto avoid an unsatisfactory translation of the English I didn't mean it, ie cha robh mi gachiallachadh, which learners often use. This phrase, however, does not really relate to anaction other than communication eg Tha mi duilich gun tuirt mi sin. Cha robh mi gachiallachadh (I'm sorry I said that. I didnt mean it) and even then it is modern phraseologywhich would sound foreign to many older native speakers (see Dwelly p 192). But in thecase, say, of a child breaking a window with a stone it should not be used at all. Theoffender might say something like: Tha mi duilich mu dheidhinn na h-uinneig. Cha do bhrismi a dh'aona-ghnothach i (Im sorry about the window. I didn't break it deliberately).

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